HBCU students struggling amid COVID-19 impacts, budget cuts

Channel: First Coast News Published: 2020-06-10 2,578 words Source: manual_caption

Transcript

THE THE PANDEMIC. THE PANDEMIC. CHECKING THE PANDEMIC. CHECKING WITH THE PANDEMIC. CHECKING WITH

BROOKS THE PANDEMIC. CHECKING WITH BROOKS BAPTIST THE PANDEMIC. CHECKING WITH BROOKS BAPTIST HE THE PANDEMIC.

CHECKING WITH BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS THE PANDEMIC. CHECKING WITH BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS US THE PANDEMIC. CHECKING WITH

BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS US NOW BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS US NOW BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS US NOW WITH BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS US NOW WITH THE BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS US NOW WITH THE BUZZ BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS US NOW WITH THE BUZZ ALTHOUGH BROOKS BAPTIST HE JOINS US NOW

WITH THE BUZZ ALTHOUGH MANY WITH THE BUZZ ALTHOUGH MANY WITH THE BUZZ ALTHOUGH MANY COLLEGES WITH THE BUZZ ALTHOUGH MANY COLLEGES ARE WITH THE BUZZ ALTHOUGH MANY COLLEGES ARE FACING COLLEGES ARE FACING COLLEGES ARE FACING UNCERTAINTIES COLLEGES ARE FACING

UNCERTAINTIES IN COLLEGES ARE FACING UNCERTAINTIES IN THE COLLEGES ARE FACING UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FALL COLLEGES ARE FACING UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FALL YOU UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FALL YOU UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FALL YOU HAVE UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FALL YOU

HAVE YOUR UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FALL YOU HAVE YOUR HBCUS UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FALL YOU HAVE YOUR HBCUS HISTORICALLY HAVE YOUR HBCUS HISTORICALLY HAVE YOUR HBCUS HISTORICALLY BLACK HAVE YOUR HBCUS HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES HAVE YOUR HBCUS HISTORICALLY

BLACK COLLEGES AND HAVE YOUR HBCUS HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COLBY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COLBY 19 BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COLBY 19 IS BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES

COLBY 19 IS TAKING BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COLBY 19 IS TAKING A BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BIG COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BIG COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BIG TOLL COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BIG

TOLL ON COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BIG TOLL ON THEM COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BIG TOLL ON THEM IN COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BIG TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR COLBY 19 IS TAKING A PRETTY BIG TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR HERE TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR HERE TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR HERE

IS TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR HERE IS THE TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR HERE IS THE BUZZ TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR HERE IS THE BUZZ RIGHT TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR HERE IS THE BUZZ RIGHT NOW TOLL ON THEM IN PARTICULAR HERE

IS THE BUZZ RIGHT NOW SOME IS THE BUZZ RIGHT NOW SOME IS THE BUZZ RIGHT NOW SOME HBCUS IS THE BUZZ RIGHT NOW SOME HBCUS ARE IS THE BUZZ RIGHT NOW SOME HBCUS ARE FIGHTING IS THE BUZZ RIGHT NOW SOME HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR IS THE BUZZ RIGHT NOW SOME

HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL AMID HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL AMID THE HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL AMID THE PANDEMIC? HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL AMID THE PANDEMIC? MORE HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL

AMID THE PANDEMIC? MORE THAN HBCUS ARE FIGHTING FOR SURVIVAL AMID THE PANDEMIC? MORE THAN 70 AMID THE PANDEMIC? MORE THAN 70 AMID THE PANDEMIC? MORE THAN 70 FIVEPERCENT AMID THE PANDEMIC? MORE THAN 70 FIVEPERCENT HBCUS AMID THE PANDEMIC? MORE THAN 70 FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS AMID THE PANDEMIC? MORE THAN 70

FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS RELY FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS RELY FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS RELY ON FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS RELY ON PELL FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS RELY ON PELL GRANTS FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS RELY ON PELL GRANTS AND FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS RELY

ON PELL GRANTS AND ALMOST FIVEPERCENT HBCUS STUDENTS RELY ON PELL GRANTS AND ALMOST ALL ON PELL GRANTS AND ALMOST ALL ON PELL GRANTS AND ALMOST ALL OF ON PELL GRANTS AND ALMOST ALL OF THOSE ON PELL GRANTS AND ALMOST ALL OF THOSE REMAINING ON PELL GRANTS AND ALMOST ALL

OF THOSE REMAINING RECEIVED OF THOSE REMAINING RECEIVED OF THOSE REMAINING RECEIVED PLUS OF THOSE REMAINING RECEIVED PLUS LOANS OF THOSE REMAINING RECEIVED PLUS LOANS BORROWED OF THOSE REMAINING RECEIVED PLUS LOANS BORROWED BY OF THOSE REMAINING RECEIVED

PLUS LOANS BORROWED BY PARENTS. PLUS LOANS BORROWED BY PARENTS. PLUS LOANS BORROWED BY PARENTS. NOW PLUS LOANS BORROWED BY PARENTS. NOW WITH PLUS LOANS BORROWED BY PARENTS.

NOW WITH MOST PLUS LOANS BORROWED BY PARENTS. NOW WITH MOST BLACK PLUS LOANS BORROWED BY PARENTS. NOW WITH MOST BLACK SCHOOLS NOW WITH MOST BLACK SCHOOLS NOW WITH MOST BLACK SCHOOLS UNDERFUNDED NOW WITH MOST BLACK SCHOOLS UNDERFUNDED OFTEN NOW WITH MOST BLACK SCHOOLS

UNDERFUNDED OFTEN OPERATED NOW WITH MOST BLACK SCHOOLS UNDERFUNDED OFTEN OPERATED ON UNDERFUNDED OFTEN OPERATED ON UNDERFUNDED OFTEN OPERATED ON SHOESTRING UNDERFUNDED OFTEN OPERATED ON SHOESTRING BUDGETS UNDERFUNDED OFTEN OPERATED ON SHOESTRING BUDGETS THEY UNDERFUNDED OFTEN OPERATED ON

SHOESTRING BUDGETS THEY ARE SHOESTRING BUDGETS THEY ARE SHOESTRING BUDGETS THEY ARE UNPREPARED SHOESTRING BUDGETS THEY ARE UNPREPARED TO SHOESTRING BUDGETS THEY ARE UNPREPARED TO ABSORB SHOESTRING BUDGETS THEY ARE UNPREPARED TO ABSORB SUDDEN UNPREPARED TO ABSORB SUDDEN UNPREPARED TO ABSORB SUDDEN

SHOCK UNPREPARED TO ABSORB SUDDEN SHOCK LIKE UNPREPARED TO ABSORB SUDDEN SHOCK LIKE THE UNPREPARED TO ABSORB SUDDEN SHOCK LIKE THE PANDEMIC. UNPREPARED TO ABSORB SUDDEN

SHOCK LIKE THE PANDEMIC. ALSO SHOCK LIKE THE PANDEMIC. ALSO SHOCK LIKE THE PANDEMIC. ALSO TRENDING SHOCK LIKE THE PANDEMIC.

ALSO TRENDING SOME SHOCK LIKE THE PANDEMIC. ALSO TRENDING SOME MINOR SHOCK LIKE THE PANDEMIC. ALSO

TRENDING SOME MINOR ALREADY SHOCK LIKE THE PANDEMIC. ALSO TRENDING SOME MINOR ALREADY NHL TRENDING SOME MINOR ALREADY NHL TRENDING SOME MINOR ALREADY NHL PLAYERS TRENDING SOME MINOR ALREADY NHL PLAYERS ARE TRENDING SOME MINOR ALREADY NHL

PLAYERS ARE NOW TRENDING SOME MINOR ALREADY NHL PLAYERS ARE NOW BRINGING TRENDING SOME MINOR ALREADY NHL PLAYERS ARE NOW BRINGING RACISM PLAYERS ARE NOW BRINGING RACISM PLAYERS ARE NOW BRINGING RACISM TO PLAYERS ARE NOW BRINGING RACISM TO THE PLAYERS ARE NOW BRINGING RACISM

TO THE FOREFRONT PLAYERS ARE NOW BRINGING RACISM TO THE FOREFRONT IN PLAYERS ARE NOW BRINGING RACISM TO THE FOREFRONT IN THEIR TO THE FOREFRONT IN THEIR TO THE FOREFRONT IN THEIR SPORT. TO THE FOREFRONT IN THEIR

SPORT. SEVEN TO THE FOREFRONT IN THEIR SPORT. SEVEN CURRENT TO THE FOREFRONT IN THEIR SPORT.

SEVEN CURRENT AND TO THE FOREFRONT IN THEIR SPORT. SEVEN CURRENT AND FORMER SPORT. SEVEN CURRENT AND FORMER SPORT. SEVEN CURRENT AND FORMER

PROHOCKEY SPORT. SEVEN CURRENT AND FORMER PROHOCKEY STARS SPORT. SEVEN CURRENT AND FORMER PROHOCKEY STARS ANNOUNCED PROHOCKEY STARS ANNOUNCED PROHOCKEY STARS ANNOUNCED

THE PROHOCKEY STARS ANNOUNCED THE FORMATION PROHOCKEY STARS ANNOUNCED THE FORMATION OF PROHOCKEY STARS ANNOUNCED THE FORMATION OF THE PROHOCKEY STARS ANNOUNCED THE FORMATION OF THE HOCKEY THE FORMATION OF THE HOCKEY THE FORMATION OF THE HOCKEY

DIVERSITY THE FORMATION OF THE HOCKEY DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. THE FORMATION OF THE HOCKEY DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. NOW THE FORMATION OF THE HOCKEY

DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. NOW IN DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. NOW IN DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. NOW IN THE DIVERSITY ALLIANCE.

NOW IN THE STATEMENT DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. NOW IN THE STATEMENT THAT DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. NOW IN

THE STATEMENT THAT YOU DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. NOW IN THE STATEMENT THAT YOU SEE DIVERSITY ALLIANCE. NOW IN THE STATEMENT THAT YOU SEE ON THE STATEMENT THAT YOU SEE ON THE STATEMENT THAT YOU SEE ON

YOUR THE STATEMENT THAT YOU SEE ON YOUR SCREEN THE STATEMENT THAT YOU SEE ON YOUR SCREEN THEY THE STATEMENT THAT YOU SEE ON YOUR SCREEN THEY ANNOUNCE YOUR SCREEN THEY ANNOUNCE YOUR SCREEN THEY ANNOUNCE THE YOUR SCREEN THEY ANNOUNCE

THE ALLIANCE YOUR SCREEN THEY ANNOUNCE THE ALLIANCE WITH YOUR SCREEN THEY ANNOUNCE THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE YOUR SCREEN THEY ANNOUNCE THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE STRIVE THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE STRIVE THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE STRIVE TO THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE STRIVE

TO BE THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE STRIVE TO BE A THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE STRIVE TO BE A FORCE THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE STRIVE TO BE A FORCE OF THE ALLIANCE WITH QUOTE STRIVE TO BE A FORCE OF POSITIVE TO BE A FORCE OF POSITIVE TO BE A FORCE OF POSITIVE

CHANGE TO BE A FORCE OF POSITIVE CHANGE NOT TO BE A FORCE OF POSITIVE CHANGE NOT ONLY TO BE A FORCE OF POSITIVE CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN TO BE A FORCE OF POSITIVE CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN OUR TO BE A FORCE OF POSITIVE

CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN OUR GAME CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN OUR GAME CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN OUR GAME OF CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN OUR GAME OF HOCKEY CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN OUR GAME OF HOCKEY BUT CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN OUR GAME OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO CHANGE NOT ONLY WITHIN OUR GAME

OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO WITHIN OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO WITHIN OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO WITHIN SOCIETY. OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO WITHIN SOCIETY. THEY OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO WITHIN

SOCIETY. THEY WILL OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO WITHIN SOCIETY. THEY WILL ALSO OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO WITHIN SOCIETY.

THEY WILL ALSO MAKE OF HOCKEY BUT ALSO WITHIN SOCIETY. THEY WILL ALSO MAKE IT SOCIETY. THEY WILL ALSO MAKE IT SOCIETY. THEY WILL ALSO MAKE IT

THEIR SOCIETY. THEY WILL ALSO MAKE IT THEIR GOAL SOCIETY. THEY WILL ALSO MAKE IT THEIR GOAL TO SOCIETY.

THEY WILL ALSO MAKE IT THEIR GOAL TO MAKE SOCIETY. THEY WILL ALSO MAKE IT THEIR GOAL TO MAKE THE SOCIETY. THEY WILL ALSO MAKE IT

THEIR GOAL TO MAKE THE SPORT THEIR GOAL TO MAKE THE SPORT THEIR GOAL TO MAKE THE SPORT MORE THEIR GOAL TO MAKE THE SPORT MORE INCLUSIVE THEIR GOAL TO MAKE THE SPORT MORE INCLUSIVE TO THEIR GOAL TO MAKE THE SPORT MORE INCLUSIVE TO MINORITY MORE INCLUSIVE TO MINORITY MORE INCLUSIVE TO MINORITY

GROUPS. MORE INCLUSIVE TO MINORITY GROUPS. AND MORE INCLUSIVE TO MINORITY GROUPS.

AND YOUR MORE INCLUSIVE TO MINORITY GROUPS. AND YOUR LAST MORE INCLUSIVE TO MINORITY GROUPS. AND YOUR LAST BIG MORE INCLUSIVE TO MINORITY

GROUPS. AND YOUR LAST BIG STORY GROUPS. AND YOUR LAST BIG STORY GROUPS. AND YOUR LAST BIG STORY THOUSANDS GROUPS.

AND YOUR LAST BIG STORY THOUSANDS CAME GROUPS. AND YOUR LAST BIG STORY THOUSANDS CAME OUT GROUPS. AND YOUR LAST BIG STORY

THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO GROUPS. AND YOUR LAST BIG STORY THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO CELEBRATE THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO CELEBRATE THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO CELEBRATE THE THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO CELEBRATE THE LIFE THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO CELEBRATE

THE LIFE OF THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO CELEBRATE THE LIFE OF GEORGE THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO CELEBRATE THE LIFE OF GEORGE FLOYD THOUSANDS CAME OUT TO CELEBRATE THE LIFE OF GEORGE FLOYD IN THE LIFE OF GEORGE FLOYD IN THE LIFE OF GEORGE FLOYD IN HOUSTON THE LIFE OF GEORGE FLOYD IN

HOUSTON ON THE LIFE OF GEORGE FLOYD IN HOUSTON ON TUESDAY. THE LIFE OF GEORGE FLOYD IN HOUSTON ON TUESDAY. BUT THE LIFE OF GEORGE FLOYD IN

HOUSTON ON TUESDAY. BUT HERE'S HOUSTON ON TUESDAY. BUT HERE'S HOUSTON ON TUESDAY. BUT HERE'S A HOUSTON ON TUESDAY.

BUT HERE'S A MOMENT HOUSTON ON TUESDAY. BUT HERE'S A MOMENT THAT HOUSTON ON TUESDAY. BUT HERE'S

A MOMENT THAT EVERYBODY HOUSTON ON TUESDAY. BUT HERE'S A MOMENT THAT EVERYBODY SEEMS A MOMENT THAT EVERYBODY SEEMS A MOMENT THAT EVERYBODY SEEMS TO A MOMENT THAT EVERYBODY SEEMS TO BE A MOMENT THAT EVERYBODY SEEMS

TO BE TALKING A MOMENT THAT EVERYBODY SEEMS TO BE TALKING ABOUT. A MOMENT THAT EVERYBODY SEEMS TO BE TALKING ABOUT. WELL TO BE TALKING ABOUT.

WELL TO BE TALKING ABOUT. WELL HOUSTON TO BE TALKING ABOUT. WELL HOUSTON GOSPEL TO BE TALKING ABOUT.

WELL HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER TO BE TALKING ABOUT. WELL HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER DRE TO BE TALKING ABOUT. WELL

HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER DRE TATE HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER DRE TATE HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER DRE TATE BELTED HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER DRE TATE BELTED OUT HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER DRE TATE BELTED OUT A HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER DRE TATE BELTED OUT A STIRRING HOUSTON GOSPEL SINGER DRE TATE

BELTED OUT A STIRRING RENDITION BELTED OUT A STIRRING RENDITION BELTED OUT A STIRRING RENDITION OF BELTED OUT A STIRRING RENDITION OF WHAT BELTED OUT A STIRRING RENDITION OF WHAT WE BELTED OUT A STIRRING RENDITION OF WHAT WE CALL BELTED OUT A STIRRING RENDITION

OF WHAT WE CALL THE BELTED OUT A STIRRING RENDITION OF WHAT WE CALL THE CLASSIC OF WHAT WE CALL THE CLASSIC OF WHAT WE CALL THE CLASSIC CIVIL OF WHAT WE CALL THE CLASSIC CIVIL RIGHTS OF WHAT WE CALL THE CLASSIC CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM OF WHAT WE CALL THE CLASSIC

CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A OF WHAT WE CALL THE CLASSIC CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A CHANGE OF WHAT WE CALL THE CLASSIC CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A CHANGE IS CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A CHANGE IS CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A CHANGE IS GONNA CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A CHANGE IS GONNA COME CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A CHANGE IS

GONNA COME BEHIND CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A CHANGE IS GONNA COME BEHIND THIS CIVIL RIGHTS ANTHEM A CHANGE IS GONNA COME BEHIND THIS ARTIST GONNA COME BEHIND THIS ARTIST GONNA COME BEHIND THIS ARTIST AND GONNA COME BEHIND THIS ARTIST AND FEELS GONNA COME BEHIND THIS ARTIST

AND FEELS PAINTED GONNA COME BEHIND THIS ARTIST AND FEELS PAINTED A GONNA COME BEHIND THIS ARTIST AND FEELS PAINTED A LARGE AND FEELS PAINTED A LARGE AND FEELS PAINTED A LARGE PORTRAIT AND FEELS PAINTED A LARGE PORTRAIT OF AND FEELS PAINTED A LARGE

PORTRAIT OF GEORGE AND FEELS PAINTED A LARGE PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD. AND FEELS PAINTED A LARGE PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD. HE PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD.

HE PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD. HE ENDED PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD. HE ENDED UP PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD.

HE ENDED UP HOLDING PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD. HE ENDED UP HOLDING IT PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD. HE

ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FLOYD. HE ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP TO ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP TO ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP TO THE ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP TO THE AUDIENCE ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP TO

THE AUDIENCE AT ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP TO THE AUDIENCE AT THE ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP TO THE AUDIENCE AT THE END ENDED UP HOLDING IT UP TO THE AUDIENCE AT THE END OF THE AUDIENCE AT THE END OF THE AUDIENCE AT THE END OF THE THE AUDIENCE AT THE END OF

THE SONG THE AUDIENCE AT THE END OF THE SONG AND THE AUDIENCE AT THE END OF THE SONG AND PEOPLE THE AUDIENCE AT THE END OF THE SONG AND PEOPLE WERE THE AUDIENCE AT THE END OF THE SONG AND PEOPLE WERE JUST THE SONG AND PEOPLE WERE JUST THE SONG AND PEOPLE WERE JUST

WOWED THE SONG AND PEOPLE WERE JUST WOWED BY THE SONG AND PEOPLE WERE JUST WOWED BY THAT THE SONG AND PEOPLE WERE JUST WOWED BY THAT INCREDIBLE THE SONG AND PEOPLE WERE JUST WOWED BY THAT INCREDIBLE TALENT WOWED BY THAT INCREDIBLE TALENT WOWED BY THAT INCREDIBLE TALENT

THAT WOWED BY THAT INCREDIBLE TALENT THAT WAS WOWED BY THAT INCREDIBLE TALENT THAT WAS THE WOWED BY THAT INCREDIBLE TALENT THAT WAS THE FINAL WOWED BY THAT INCREDIBLE TALENT THAT WAS THE FINAL FUNERAL THAT WAS THE FINAL FUNERAL THAT WAS THE FINAL FUNERAL

SERVICE THAT WAS THE FINAL FUNERAL SERVICE FOR THAT WAS THE FINAL FUNERAL SERVICE FOR GEORGE THAT WAS THE FINAL FUNERAL SERVICE FOR GEORGE FLOYD THAT WAS THE FINAL FUNERAL SERVICE FOR GEORGE FLOYD AND