Cold Fusion: How it works

Transcript

a voltage is applied to two electrodes immersed in an electrolytic solution of heavy water and lithium salts this establishes a flow of current from a strip of Palladium acting as the cathode to several Platinum coils acting as the anode temperature sensors measure the temperature of the electrolyte solution with in the cell as well as the cooling water that surrounds it in the larger jacket container within the solution many of the d2o heavy water molecules are dissociated into OD negative and D positive ions when the voltage is applied to the electrodes the OD negative ions are attracted to the positively charged Platinum anodes where they lose an electron and combine with other OD ions to reform back into d2o while the remaining orphaned oxygen atoms combine to form O2 which escapes as a gas up to the surface of the solution meanwhile the D positive ions are attracted to the negatively charged Palladium cathode where they quickly find an electron on the surface of the cathode to neutralize their charge this cathode is made of Palladium atoms arranged in a face- centered cubic lattice some dyum atoms work their way into the latice by popping through the interatomic SES within the latice other duum atoms bump into each other along the surface of the Palladium cathode and form a D2 molecule that's too big to enter the latice these D2 molecules cluster to form bubbles that rise up in the electrolyte solution simultaneously new d2o molecules are dissociated in the electrolyte into more OD negative and D positive ions so the process continues as long as the voltage is applied however when the superwave principle is used to vary the current with a pattern of rising and falling nested oscillations the loading of dyum atoms within the padium latice is enhanced and so is the fluxing of dyum atoms in and out of the cathode as the concentration of dyum in the latice across the cathode surface increases the dyum starts to work its way deeper into the latice popping into neighboring interatomic SES as the dyum occupies more of these interior sites the lattice Dimensions increases a little this latice expansion causes mechanical stresses in the cathode that impose resistance to duum diffusion thus requiring higher currents to force more duum atoms into the latice until it reaches saturation when the concentration of durium within the ltis is high they begin to move more collectively like a school of fish or flock of birds not all at once but increasingly synchronized over time at this point pairs of dyum atoms begin to disappear fusing together to form an atom of helium 4 isotope a significant amount of heat is released in this Fusion process the energy released by each helium atom that appears 24 million electron volts is dissipated by the latice as heat raising the temperature of the Palladium electrode and the surrounding electrolytic solution the amount of energy being generated by this fusion reaction is 5 million times greater than if those same two dyum atoms were chemically combined to form a single D2 dyum molecule and 10 million times larger than the oxidation reaction to create a d2o heavy water molecule it is this excess heat that is causing such excitement within the scientific community